Elite multiplicity and the problem of development after the Islamic Revolution

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Political Science Department of Razi University

2 Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, Razi University

Abstract

The state of political development of a country largely depends on the minds of that society and especially the mental content of the elites. Political elites are the holders of power and high positions in a political system that play the most important role in shaping the evolution of society. The present study seeks to answer the question: What effect has multiplicity on the behavior of political elites after the Islamic Revolution on the country's political development process? The hypothesis to answer the question in the framework of "elite theory", using a descriptive-analytical method and using library resources, is that: The multiplicity of elites after the Islamic Revolution has delayed the process of political development in the country. The study concludes that the conflict and multiplicity among political elites, from the political turmoil in the early days of the victory of the Islamic Revolution to intra-factional and supra-factional disputes of post-revolutionary governments, is a sign of slow political development in the country.key words: Political elites, political development, governments after the Islamikey words: Political elites, political development, governments after the Islamic Revolutionc Revolutionkey words: Political elites, political development, key words: Political elites, political development, governments after the Islamic Revolutiongovernments after the Islamic Revolution

Keywords


  •  

    • Abdullahi, Mohammad; Rad, Firouz (2009). "Investigating the process of transformation and structural obstacles to political development in Iran (2004-2008)", Iranian Journal of Sociology, Vol. 10, No 1: 29-63. (In Persian)
    • Abedi Ardakani, Mohammad (2014). "Development of political non-development from the perspective of elite political culture in Iran (1368-1384)", Journal of Political Science, 9th Year, No 4: 133-169. (In Persian)
    • Akbari, Kamal (2009). "The role of parties in politics after the Islamic revolution", Political Science Quarterly, 12th Year, No 47. (In Persian)
    • Akhavan Kazemi, Masoud; Sadeghi, Seyyed Shamsuddin; Niko Nihad, Ayoub (2017). “Trend study of the process of political development in contemporary Iran”, Majles and Strategy Quarterly, 25th Year, No 95. (In Persian)
    • Ayeni, Evans Oluwagbamila (2019). “Political Development Theory, Its Criticism, and Application”, Theories and Models of Public Administration & Development Studies (2018), In A.B Amadasun & D.O Salifu (Eds.) 978-1233-2-1-4.
    • Bai, Akram; Naderpour, Babak (2021). "Discussion challenges of reformists with others in the Islamic Republic of Iran 1392-1396", Political Studies Quarterly, 14th Year, No 53: 1-21. (In Persian)
    • Bai, Akram; Naderpour, Babak; Matlabi, Masoud (2019). "Challenge of Reformist and Fundamentalist Political Discourses in Iran (2018-2019)", Quarterly Journal of Asian Sociology of Iran, 2th Year, No 4: 409 -393. (In Persian)
    • Bashirieh, Hossein (2002). An Introduction to the Political Sociology of Iran (Islamic Republic Period), Tehran: Negah Contemporary Institute, first edition. (In Persian)
    • Bastani, Hossein (2014). “How Powerful is Rouhani in the Islamic Republic?”. https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/field/field_document/20141124. (In Persian)
    • Darabi, Ali (2011). "Sociology of political currents in the fourth decade of the Islamic Revolution", Political Studies Quarterly, 4th Year, No 14: 43-72. (In Persian)
    • Darabi, Ali (2015). "The New Middle Class and Political Development in Iran after the Islamic Revolution", Iranian Social Development Magazine, 8th Year, No 1. (In Persian)
    • Delican, Mustafa (2018). “Elite Theories of Pareto, Mosca and Michels”, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323664537. (In Persian)
    • Elahi-Manesh, Mohammad Hassan (2006). "Effect of elite political culture on the national identity of the Islamic Republic of Iran", Politics Quarterly, Journal of Faculty of Law and Political Science, Vol. 37, No 3: 29-53. (In Persian)
    • Evans Oluwagbamila, Ayeni (2018). Political Development Theory, Its Criticism, and Application Theories and Models of Public Administration & Development Studies, 978-1233-2-1-4.
    • Farqani, Mohammad Mahdi (2002). "The evolution of political development discourse in Iran (from constitutionalism to Khatami)", Social Sciences Quarterly, Vol. 9, No 17: 1-39. (In Persian)
    • Fawzi, Yahya (2016). "Government evolution and economic performance in the Islamic Republic of Iran", Contemporary Political Essays, Research Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies, 7th Year, No 3: 27-58. (In Persian)
    • Garrido Vergara, Luis (2013). “Elites, political elites and social change in modern societies”, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273029631.
    • Haghighi, Ali Mohammad; Bamri, Moslem (2017). "Political parties and vitality in Iran (case study: in the 11th government"), International Journal of Nations Research, Vol. 3, No 25. (In Persian)
    • Hemati Dashtaki, Amir; Hatami, Abbas; Ali Hosseini, Ali; Nasaj, Hamid (2019). "Explaining the relationship between the third moderate movement and the new middle class in Iran after the Islamic Revolution", Scientific Quarterly of Political and International Approaches, Vol. 11, No 2 (60 series). (In Persian)
    • Hessam Ghazi, Rozhan (2015). "Pathology of populist justice discourse and its reflection in Iran's political culture", Political Studies Quarterly, 7th Year, No 28: 133-150. (In Persian)
    • Hosseini Ahmadi, Seyyed Mohammadreza; Golshani, Alireza; Shafiei, Esmail (2019). "Regional-Geographic Pathology and the Role of Iranian Elites in Decision-Making from the Perspective of Public Policy", Scientific-Research Quarterly of Geography (Regional Planning), 9th Year, No 3: 427-405. (In Persian)
    • Hosseinzadeh, Mohammad Saleh; Bayat, Bahram (2019). "Sociological analysis of the security role of the political elites (power) in promoting the national security of J.A.", scientific research quarterly of social security studies, No 59. (In Persian)
    • https://csr.ir.
    • Jalali, Reza; Gholami, Mehdi (2010). "Intellectual cohesion of political elites within the government and the formation of stability in the political system", International Relations Studies Quarterly (International Relations Research Journal, Vol. 3, No 12: 227- 199. (In Persian)
    • Karimi Fard, Hossein (2016). "Investigation of identity-value coherence and solidarity of ruling elites in Iran (1357-1392)", scientific-research quarterly "Islamic Revolution Research", 6th Year, No 21: 1-22. (In Persian)
    • Khajeh, Hossein (2017). "Legacy of Hashemi Rafsanjani in the political-social sphere (expansion of the new middle class)", International Political Studies Quarterly, 2th Year, No 4: 175-191. (In Persian)
    • Khalaji, Abbas (2007). "Theoretical foundation of the collapse of consensus in reformist discourse", Political Quarterly, Journal of the Faculty of Law and Political Science, Vol. 39, No 1: 91-113. (In Persian)
    • Khosravi, Mohammad Ali; Shahsawari Fard, Shahreh (2016). "Political Culture of the Ruling Elites and Efficiency", State-Research Quarterly, Law and Political Science Faculty Journal, 2th Year, No 8: 189-229. (In Persian)
    • Koolaee, Elaheh; Mazarei, Yousef (2018). “Modernization and Political Parties: A Case Study of the Hashemi Rafsanjani Administration”, International Studies Journal (ISJ), Vol. 15, No 1: 102-81. (In Persian)
    • Mahdipour, Asieh; Farahani, Maryam (2019). "Evaluation of the causal relationship between economic development and political development in the Islamic Republic of Iran", two quarterly journals of international political economy studies, vol. 2, No 2. (In Persian)
    • Motaghi, Ebrahim & Piri, Dariush (2017). "Elite behavior pattern in Seyyed Mohammad Khatami's government", Politics Quarterly, Journal of Faculty of Law and Political Science, Vol. 47, No 2: 489-507. (In Persian)
    • Mousavi, Seyyed Qaim; Mousavi, Seyyed Hojatullah (2019). "Comparison of Development Discourse in Ahmadinejad and Rouhani Governments", Afaq Humanities Monthly, No 32. (In Persian)
    • Ostovar, Majid (2017). "Transition to democracy in Iran with an emphasis on the role of the ruling elites", State Studies Quarterly, Journal of the Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, 3th Year, No 11: 53-86. (In Persian)
    • Rahmani, Kamran; Azghandi, Alireza; Tavasoli Ruknabadi, Majid; Ziba Kalam, Sadegh (2016). "Political Elite Consensus and Political Development (2014)", Political and International Research Quarterly, 7th Year, No 29. (In Persian)
    • Rahmati, Farzaneh; Dehshiri, Mohammadreza; Simbar, Reza; Keshishian Sirki, Garineh (2020). "Analysis of the hegemonic discourse of moderation of Hassan Rouhani's government from the perspective of the analysis of the discourse of Lakla and Moff", Political Studies Quarterly, 13th Year, No 50: 111-128. (In Persian)
    • S (2001). “Political Elites: Recruitment and Careers”, International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences: 11656-11661.
    • Sadeghi, Seyyed Shamsuddin; Qanbari, Luqman (2017). "Mass Political Culture, Residual Governments and the Problem of Political Development in Iran", State Research Quarterly, Journal of the Faculty of Law and Political Science, 3th Year, No 11: 159-159 123. (In Persian)
    • Shafieifar, Mohammad (2014). "Political Development Process in the Islamic Republic", Politics Quarterly, Vol. 45, No 1. (In Persian)
    • Shamsini, Hassan; Nasiri, Reza (2017). "Elites and the Presidency of Iran", National Interest Studies Quarterly, 2th Year, No 8. (In Persian)
    • Soltani, Gard; Faramarzi, Mehdi; Ashrafi, Akbar; Bakhshaish Ardestani, Ahmad; Safaverdi, Sosan (2019). "Comparison of Hassan Rouhani's Nuclear Discourse and Islamic Revolution Discourse", Political Science Quarterly, 14th Year, No 49: 125-143. (In Persian)
    • Vafai, Khosrow (2014). "Political Development and Modern Politics: Harms and Challenges of Political Development in Contemporary Iran", Political Science Quarterly, 10th Year, No 29: 75-90. (In Persian)
    • Pye, Lucien; Binder, Leonard; Coleman, James; Laparumbara, Joseph; Verba Sidney; Weiner, Mayron (2001). Crises and Sequences in Political Development, translated by: Gholamreza Sarvi, Tehran: Pezohshekde of Strategic Studies. (In Persian)
    • Zarei, Ali (2019). "The Revolution of Political Elites after the Islamic Revolution", Islamic Revolution Strategic Research Quarterly, 2th year, No 5: 71-100. (In Persian)