عربستان سعودی و استراتژی سد کردن قدرت ایران در منطقه خاورمیانه(مطالعه موردی تحولات یمن)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد علوم سیاسی دانشگاه اصفهان

2 دانشیار گروه علوم سیاسی دانشگاه اصفهان

چکیده

هدف: تنش و ناسازگاری میان ایران و عربستان، به‌ویژه بعد از توافق نامه هسته‌ای برجام، سطح وسیع­تری از اختلافات را در برگرفته است که زمینه ­ساز رقابت و نفوذ هرچه بیش تر تهران در حوزه­ های راهبردی منطقه خاورمیانه از جمله یمن شده است. بدین ­سان، عربستان ­­سعودی در رقابت منطقه­ای با ایران به ائتلاف ­سازی در سطح منطقه ­ای و بین­ المللی دست زده است و با برقراری و گسترش ارتباط با اسرائیل و انعقاد قرارداد تسلیحاتی با آمریکا درصدد حذف ایران از معادلات منطقه و کاهش نقش و نفوذ فزاینده آن در خاورمیانه برآمده است. از این­رو؛ هدف این پژوهش این است که به این سؤال پاسخ داده شود که عربستان ­سعودی برای سد کردن قدرت ایران در منطقه خاورمیانه به ویژه یمن چه سیاستی را در پیش گرفته است؟
روش ­شناسی پژوهش: روش­ این پژوهش توصیفی– تحلیلی بوده و سعی دارد بر پایه نظریه‌ی موازنه‌ی تهدید به بررسی موضوع مورد مطالعه بپردازد. روش گردآوری اطلاعات نیز کتابخانه‌ای و اسنادی بوده است.
یافته­ ها: فرضیه پژوهش آن است که عربستان سعودی در موازنه منطقه ­ای با جمهوری اسلامی ایران به اقداماتی از جمله طرح اتحاد با اسرائیل و خرید تسلیحات از آمریکا روی آورده تا از این طریق از رشد فزاینده‌ی قدرت و نفوذ منطقه­ ای ایران ممانعت ورزد. این کشور برای حذف شیعیان حوثیِ مورد حمایت ایران از معادلات سیاسی یمن، رویکردی فعالانه و تهاجمی را در قبال تحولات یمن در پیش گرفته­ است و در این راستا؛ به تأمین اهداف و منافع منطقه ­ای ریاض و متحدان منطقه ­ای و بین ­المللی آن مبادرت می ­ورزد.
نتیجه ­گیری: نتیجه این پژوهش حاکی از آن است که سیاست سدسازی عربستان علیه ایران در منطقه خاورمیانه از جمله یمن با شکست روبه ­رو شده است. از طرفی، ایران سیاست عربستان ­سعودی، امارات ­عربی و هم­ پیمانان فرامنطقه ­ای آن ها همچون ایالات ­متحده... در صف ­آرایی و مواضع تهاجمی آن ها علیه ایران و ادامه جنگ در یمن را به موضع تدافعی و انفعالی کشانده است.

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