ملت‌سازی ناکام در ایران: چالش‌های ملت سازی و مصادیقی از ملت‌ناشدگی (مطالعه موردی: تمرکز بر دوره معاصر)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکترای جامعه شناسی سیاسی دانشگاه رازی

2 دانشیار علوم سیاسی دانشگاه رازی

چکیده

هدف: موضوع ملت­ سازی یکی از مهم­ترین مقوله ­ها و مسائل تاریخ معاصر ایران است. بر این اساس، بایستی اذعان نمود که سیاست­ های ملت ­سازی و روند تشکیل ملت ایران در یک سده اخیر، دچار نوعی انقطاع تاریخی گردیده و مراحل نُضج آن، هنوز به ­سرانجام مطلوب و نهایی نرسیده است. به همین دلیل در این تحقیق، ضمن اشاره به ­عدم تکامل تکوین ملت در ایران یک سده اخیر، به ­احصاء چالش­ های ناشی از این نقصان، به­ عنوان مصداق ­های عدم تکوین ملت و نیز ملت­ ناشدگی پرداخته­ ایم.
روش‌شناسی پژوهش: این تحقیق با روش عِلّی و بهره ­گیری از چارچوب نظری ملت­ سازی کارل­دویچ،
به ­دنبال تبیین مسئله تحقیق، می‌باشد.
یافته­ ها: در راستای تأکید بر پرسش اصلی این پژوهش که مهم­ترین چالش‌هایی که به ­واسطه گذار به­
ملت­ سازی ناقص، در ایران یک سده اخیر ایجاد شده­ اند، کدامند؟ یافته­ های تحقیق نیز بیانگر آن است که در ابعاد کلان، چالش ­هایی نظیر منازعات سرزمینی، تضعیف علقه­ های ملی و هویتی و نیز فعال شدن گسل­ های میان دولت و مردم، محصول فرآیند ناقص ملت­ سازی در ایران، می­ باشد.
 نتیجه­ گیری: نتایج این تحقیق حاکی از آن است که این عدم تکوین ملت در ایران بر پایه یک الگوی متناسب، باعث کاهش سرمایه اجتماعی، تشتت و انشقاق اجتماعی ­شده و در نهایت وحدت ملی و انسجام در جامعه را خدشه­ دار نموده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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