گستره‎‌ی ولایت فقیه در اندیشه سیاسی علامه محمد حسین نایینی(ره)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای علوم سیاسـی گرایش مسائل ایـران، دانشگاه امام صادق(ع)

2 دانشیار دانشکده معارف اسلامی و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه امام صادق(ع)

3 استادیار دانشکده معارف اسلامی و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه امام صادق(ع)

چکیده

هدف: اصل ولایت فقیه، با توجه به اهمیت ویژه‌اش در پیشبرد اهداف اسلامی و معاضدتش نسبت به اسلامی شدن جامعه، بیش از همه؛ صحنه‌ی بروز حساسیت و منازعات بوده است. نفس این موضوع، سبب شده تا فقها، در آثار گوناگون خود به‌صورت‌های متفاوت، در این موضوع به طرح بحث بپردازند. از جمله نظراتی که درباره‌ی ولایت فقیه عنوان‌شده و از سوی مخالفان و موافقان زیادی مورد بحث و فحص قرار گرفته، دیدگاه علامه نایینی(ره) است. این تحقیق بر آن است که به این سؤال پاسخ ‌بدهد که حیطه‌ی اختیارات ولی فقیه از نگاه ایشان تا چه میزان است و دیدگاه ایشان ترسیم‌کننده کدام سطح از اِعمال ولایت می‌باشد.
روش‌شناسی پژوهش: مقاله‌ی حاضر در صدد است با استفاده از روش هرمنوتیک قصدگرای اسکینر و با لحاظ کردن الزامات روشی آن، به تحقیق در نظرات علامه نایینی که به‌صورت پراکنده در آثارشان موجود است، و نیز مبتنی بر زمینه‌های تاریخی زمانه علامه بپردازد.
یافته‌ها: هر چند تحقیق حاضر به علت اختلافات متعددی که در خوانش آراء ایشان شکل گرفته است، آن‌چنان فرضیه ‌آزما نیست، اما با توجه به مطالعات پیشینی و زمینه‌ی شناخت علمای شیعه، مدعای این پژوهش بر مطلقه بودن ولایت فقیه نزد آیت‌الله نایینی استوار است که در نهایت اثبات می‌گردد.
نتیجه‌گیری: این پژوهش، ارائه یک جمع‌بندی مشخص و قابل داوری از منظر علامه نایینی در مورد حدود اختیارات ولایت فقیه است و با در نظر گرفتن متون برجای مانده از علامه نایینی و شناخت زمینه‌های تاریخی به ولایت مطلقه فقیه نزد علامه نایینی دست می‌یابد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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