امت‌گرایی و عمل سیاسی: بازتاب مفاهیم ام‌القری، وحدت‌طلبی و نفی سلطه در سیاست خارجی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه علوم سیاسی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم سیاسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،‌ اهواز، ایران.

10.22084/rjir.2025.31445.3956

چکیده

هدف: اندیشه امت‌گرایی به‌عنوان یکی از مبانی کلیدی در نظام فکری جمهوری اسلامی ایران، نقش مؤثری در شکل‌گیری سیاست خارجی این کشور ایفا کرده است. این مقاله با هدف تحلیل و تبیین تأثیر مفاهیم ام‌القری، وحدت‌طلبی، نفی سلطه و صدور انقلاب در چارچوب اندیشه امت‌گرایی، به بررسی رابطه نظریه و عمل سیاسی در سیاست خارجی جمهوری اسلامی ایران می‌پردازد. پرسش اصلی آن است که چگونه اندیشه امت‌گرایی از طریق این مفاهیم، سیاست خارجی جمهوری اسلامی ایران را شکل داده است، و فرضیه تحقیق این است که این اندیشه، به‌ویژه مفهوم ام‌القری، موجب اتخاذ رویکردی فراملی و ایدئولوژیک در سیاست خارجی جمهوری اسلامی ایران شده است.
روش­ شناسی پژوهش: روش‌شناسی این تحقیق توصیفی- تحلیلی بوده و با بهره‌گیری از منابع کتابخانه‌ای، مبانی نظری و مصادیق عملی مفاهیم مورد نظر بررسی شده‌اند.
یافته­ ها: مطابق با یافته‌ها سیاست خارجی ایران در چارچوب اندیشه امت‌گرایی صرفاً بر منافع ملی متمرکز نیست. در این چارچوب تأکید عمده بر تحقق وحدت اسلامی، مبارزه با استکبار و صدور ارزش‌های انقلاب است. چنین رویکردی باعث شده جمهوری اسلامی ایران در عرصه بین‌المللی، سیاستی فراملی و ایدئولوژیک اتخاذ کند. این نوع سیاست، فرصت‌ها و چالش‌هایی را برای تعاملات سیاسی و دیپلماتیک کشور به‌همراه داشته است.
نتیجه­ گیری: نتایج عملی پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که اندیشه امت‌گرایی موجب شده سیاست خارجی جمهوری اسلامی با رویکردی فراملی و ایدئولوژیک، به‌طور فعال در حمایت از جنبش‌های اسلامی و توسعه نفوذ منطقه‌ای عمل کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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